Treaty of Amritsar, 1846: Provisions, Territorial Transfer and Historical Significance
The Treaty of Amritsar, signed on 16 March 1846 between the British Government and Gulab Singh, established the legal foundation of the Dogra princely State of Jammu and Kashmir. Learn its territorial, financial and political provisions and understand…
First Anglo-Sikh War, Treaty of Lahore and Formation of Jammu & Kashmir in 1846
The First Anglo-Sikh War of 1845–46 transformed the political map of the north-western Himalayas. This article explains the battles, Treaty of Lahore, Gulab Singh's role and the 1846 settlement that led to the formation of the princely State of Jammu and…
Dogra Expansion under Zorawar Singh: Ladakh, Baltistan and Western Himalayan Campaigns
Zorawar Singh's campaigns transformed the territorial reach of Dogra power beyond Jammu into Ladakh and Baltistan and eventually into western Tibet. This article traces the military strategy, political context, trade interests, logistical challenges and…
Gulab Singh and the Rise of Dogra Power: From Jammu Chiefdom to Regional Power
Gulab Singh's rise from a Dogra military chief in the Sikh Empire to Raja of Jammu in 1822 was a gradual process of territorial consolidation, military service and political strategy. This article traces the emergence of Dogra power in Jammu and its…
Sikh Rule in Kashmir: Ranjit Singh, Battle of Shopian and the Administration of Kashmir
Sikh rule in Kashmir began with Ranjit Singh's victory at the Battle of Shopian in 1819 and lasted until 1846. This article examines the conquest, Sikh governors, provincial administration, revenue system, economy and the transition to Dogra rule.