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Master 195 Countries and Capitals by Continent – Ultimate SSC, JKSSB & NTPC GK Guide

1. Introduction

Knowing 195 countries and capitals is critical for static GK in JKSSB, SSC, and NTPC exams. Questions on this topic are frequent and high‑yield—mastery delivers accuracy under time pressure. Learn them continent‑wise for easier retention.

2. How to Learn Effectively

Study by continent, memorizing regionally related capitals.
Use mnemonics, like “Peru’s Lima has lime” or “Kenya’s Nairobi sounds like Nairobi Safari”.
Create flashcards, digital or paper, colored by continent.
Follow a 7‑day revision plan covering regions systematically.

3. Asia – Countries & Capitals

South Asia

Afghanistan – Kabul
Bangladesh – Dhaka
Bhutan – Thimphu
India – New Delhi
Maldives – Malé
Nepal – Kathmandu
Pakistan – Islamabad
Sri Lanka – Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte

Southeast Asia

Brunei – Bandar Seri Begawan
Cambodia – Phnom Penh
East Timor – Dili
Indonesia – Jakarta
Laos – Vientiane
Malaysia – Kuala Lumpur
Myanmar – Naypyidaw
Philippines – Manila
Singapore – Singapore
Thailand – Bangkok
Vietnam – Hanoi

Central Asia

Kazakhstan – Astana
Kyrgyzstan – Bishkek
Tajikistan – Dushanbe
Turkmenistan – Ashgabat
Uzbekistan – Tashkent

East Asia

China – Beijing
Japan – Tokyo
Mongolia – Ulaanbaatar
North Korea – Pyongyang
South Korea – Seoul

West Asia (Middle East)

Armenia – Yerevan
Azerbaijan – Baku
Bahrain – Manama
Cyprus – Nicosia
Georgia – Tbilisi
Iran – Tehran
Iraq – Baghdad
Israel – Jerusalem
Jordan – Amman
Kuwait – Kuwait City
Lebanon – Beirut
Oman – Muscat
Palestine – East Jerusalem / Ramallah
Qatar – Doha
Saudi Arabia – Riyadh
Syria – Damascus
Turkey – Ankara
United Arab Emirates – Abu Dhabi
Yemen – Sana’a

4. Europe – Countries & Capitals

Northern Europe

Denmark – Copenhagen
Estonia – Tallinn
Finland – Helsinki
Iceland – Reykjavik
Ireland – Dublin
Latvia – Riga
Lithuania – Vilnius
Norway – Oslo
Sweden – Stockholm
United Kingdom – London

Western Europe

Austria – Vienna
Belgium – Brussels
France – Paris
Germany – Berlin
Liechtenstein – Vaduz
Luxembourg – Luxembourg
Monaco – Monaco
Netherlands – Amsterdam / The Hague

Eastern Europe

Belarus – Minsk
Bulgaria – Sofia
Czech Republic – Prague
Hungary – Budapest
Moldova – Chișinău
Poland – Warsaw
Romania – Bucharest
Russia – Moscow
Slovakia – Bratislava
Slovenia – Ljubljana
Ukraine – Kyiv

Southern Europe

Albania – Tirana
Andorra – Andorra la Vella
Bosnia & Herzegovina – Sarajevo
Croatia – Zagreb
Greece – Athens
Italy – Rome
Malta – Valletta
Montenegro – Podgorica
North Macedonia – Skopje
Portugal – Lisbon
San Marino – San Marino
Serbia – Belgrade
Slovenia (listed above)
Spain – Madrid
Vatican City – Vatican City

5. Africa – Countries & Capitals

North Africa

Algeria – Algiers
Egypt – Cairo
Libya – Tripoli
Morocco – Rabat
Sudan – Khartoum
Tunisia – Tunis

West Africa

Benin – Porto‑Novo
Burkina Faso – Ouagadougou
Cape Verde – Praia
Côte d’Ivoire – Yamoussoukro
Gambia – Banjul
Ghana – Accra
Guinea – Conakry
Guinea‑Bissau – Bissau
Liberia – Monrovia
Mali – Bamako
Mauritania – Nouakchott
Niger – Niamey
Nigeria – Abuja
Senegal – Dakar
Sierra Leone – Freetown
Togo – Lomé

East Africa

Burundi – Gitega
Comoros – Moroni
Djibouti – Djibouti
Eritrea – Asmara
Ethiopia – Addis Ababa
Kenya – Nairobi
Rwanda – Kigali
Seychelles – Victoria
Somalia – Mogadishu
South Sudan – Juba
Tanzania – Dodoma
Uganda – Kampala

Central Africa

Cameroon – Yaoundé
Central African Republic – Bangui
Chad – N’Djamena
Republic of the Congo – Brazzaville
DR Congo – Kinshasa
Equatorial Guinea – Malabo
Gabon – Libreville
Rwanda & Burundi (listed above)

Southern Africa

Botswana – Gaborone
Eswatini – Mbabane / Lobamba
Lesotho – Maseru
Madagascar – Antananarivo
Malawi – Lilongwe
Mauritius – Port Louis
Mozambique – Maputo
Namibia – Windhoek
South Africa – Pretoria (admin.), Cape Town (legislative), Bloemfontein (judicial)
Zambia – Lusaka
Zimbabwe – Harare

6. North America – Countries & Capitals

Caribbean & Central America

Antigua & Barbuda – Saint John’s
Bahamas – Nassau
Barbados – Bridgetown
Belize – Belmopan
Costa Rica – San José
Cuba – Havana
Dominica – Roseau
Dominican Republic – Santo Domingo
El Salvador – San Salvador
Grenada – St. George’s
Guatemala – Guatemala City
Haiti – Port‑au‑Prince
Honduras – Tegucigalpa
Jamaica – Kingston
Nicaragua – Managua
Panama – Panama City
Saint Kitts & Nevis – Basseterre
Saint Lucia – Castries
Saint Vincent & Grenadines – Kingstown
Trinidad & Tobago – Port of Spain

USA & Canada

Canada – Ottawa
United States – Washington, D.C.

7. South America – Countries & Capitals

Argentina – Buenos Aires
Bolivia – Sucre (constitutional), La Paz (seat of govt.)
Brazil – Brasília
Chile – Santiago
Colombia – Bogotá
Ecuador – Quito
Guyana – Georgetown
Paraguay – Asunción
Peru – Lima
Suriname – Paramaribo
Uruguay – Montevideo
Venezuela – Caracas

8. Oceania – Countries & Capitals

Australia – Canberra
Fiji – Suva
Kiribati – South Tarawa
Marshall Islands – Majuro
Micronesia – Palikir
Nauru – No official capital (Yaren de facto)
New Zealand – Wellington
Palau – Ngerulmud
Papua New Guinea – Port Moresby
Samoa – Apia
Solomon Islands – Honiara
Tonga – Nukuʻalofa
Tuvalu – Funafuti
Vanuatu – Port Vila

9. SAARC & India‑Centric Capitals

Countries of special relevance:

Bangladesh – Dhaka
Bhutan – Thimphu
India – New Delhi
Maldives – Malé
Nepal – Kathmandu
Pakistan – Islamabad
Sri Lanka – Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte

Focus on these eight due to frequent mention in JKSSB and SSC exam patterns.

10. Confusing Capitals & Mnemonic Tricks

Country	Common Mistake	Official Capital	Tip/Mnemonic
Australia	Sydney	Canberra	Think “Canberra has ‘Can’ for central”
Bolivia	La Paz	Sucre (constitutional), La Paz	Remember both for exam clarity
South Africa	Johannesburg	Pretoria (admin.), Cape Town (legislative), Bloemfontein (judicial)	Pretoria = President’s seat
Sri Lanka	Colombo	Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte	Colombo = commerce, Kotte = official
Kazakhstan	Almaty	Astana	Astana starts with “A” like Asia

11. Recent Capital Changes

Kazakhstan: from Almaty → Astana (also briefly Nursultan)
Myanmar: from Yangon → Naypyidaw
Sri Lanka: from Colombo → Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte

Stay updated in case exam questions ask about “former capital vs current capital”.

12. 7‑Day Revision Schedule

Day	Focus Area
1	Asia (all subregions)
2	Europe
3	Africa
4	North America & Caribbean
5	South America & Oceania
6	SAARC + Confusing Capitals
7	Full revision + repeated mock tests

Review flashcards, recite aloud, and take short quizzes daily for best retention.

13. Sample Quiz – 10 MCQs

What is the capital of Botswana?
A) Lusaka B) Gaborone C) Windhoek D) Harare
Capital of Vietnam?
What is the administrative capital of South Africa?
Papua New Guinea’s capital?
Which country has capital Ngerulmud?
Capital of Sri Lanka officially?
Istanbul is the capital of Turkey? (True/False)
Capital of Bolivia used in exam context?
New Zealand’s capital city?
Canada’s capital?

Answer Key:
1‑B, 2‑Hanoi, 3‑Pretoria, 4‑Port Moresby, 5‑Palau, 6‑Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte, 7‑False, 8‑La Paz (seat govt.), 9‑Wellington, 10‑Ottawa