Master 195 Countries and Capitals by Continent – Ultimate SSC, JKSSB & NTPC GK Guide

1. Introduction

Knowing 195 countries and capitals is critical for static GK in JKSSB, SSC, and NTPC exams. Questions on this topic are frequent and high‑yield—mastery delivers accuracy under time pressure. Learn them continent‑wise for easier retention.

2. How to Learn Effectively

• Study by continent, memorizing regionally related capitals.
• Use mnemonics, like “Peru’s Lima has lime” or “Kenya’s Nairobi sounds like Nairobi Safari”.
• Create flashcards, digital or paper, colored by continent.
• Follow a 7‑day revision plan covering regions systematically.

3. Asia – Countries & Capitals

South Asia

• Afghanistan – Kabul
• Bangladesh – Dhaka
• Bhutan – Thimphu
• India – New Delhi
• Maldives – Malé
• Nepal – Kathmandu
• Pakistan – Islamabad
• Sri Lanka – Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte

Southeast Asia

• Brunei – Bandar Seri Begawan
• Cambodia – Phnom Penh
• East Timor – Dili
• Indonesia – Jakarta
• Laos – Vientiane
• Malaysia – Kuala Lumpur
• Myanmar – Naypyidaw
• Philippines – Manila
• Singapore – Singapore
• Thailand – Bangkok
• Vietnam – Hanoi

Central Asia

• Kazakhstan – Astana
• Kyrgyzstan – Bishkek
• Tajikistan – Dushanbe
• Turkmenistan – Ashgabat
• Uzbekistan – Tashkent

East Asia

• China – Beijing
• Japan – Tokyo
• Mongolia – Ulaanbaatar
• North Korea – Pyongyang
• South Korea – Seoul

West Asia (Middle East)

• Armenia – Yerevan
• Azerbaijan – Baku
• Bahrain – Manama
• Cyprus – Nicosia
• Georgia – Tbilisi
• Iran – Tehran
• Iraq – Baghdad
• Israel – Jerusalem
• Jordan – Amman
• Kuwait – Kuwait City
• Lebanon – Beirut
• Oman – Muscat
• Palestine – East Jerusalem / Ramallah
• Qatar – Doha
• Saudi Arabia – Riyadh
• Syria – Damascus
• Turkey – Ankara
• United Arab Emirates – Abu Dhabi
• Yemen – Sana’a

4. Europe – Countries & Capitals

Northern Europe

• Denmark – Copenhagen
• Estonia – Tallinn
• Finland – Helsinki
• Iceland – Reykjavik
• Ireland – Dublin
• Latvia – Riga
• Lithuania – Vilnius
• Norway – Oslo
• Sweden – Stockholm
• United Kingdom – London

Western Europe

• Austria – Vienna
• Belgium – Brussels
• France – Paris
• Germany – Berlin
• Liechtenstein – Vaduz
• Luxembourg – Luxembourg
• Monaco – Monaco
• Netherlands – Amsterdam / The Hague

Eastern Europe

• Belarus – Minsk
• Bulgaria – Sofia
• Czech Republic – Prague
• Hungary – Budapest
• Moldova – Chișinău
• Poland – Warsaw
• Romania – Bucharest
• Russia – Moscow
• Slovakia – Bratislava
• Slovenia – Ljubljana
• Ukraine – Kyiv

Southern Europe

• Albania – Tirana
• Andorra – Andorra la Vella
• Bosnia & Herzegovina – Sarajevo
• Croatia – Zagreb
• Greece – Athens
• Italy – Rome
• Malta – Valletta
• Montenegro – Podgorica
• North Macedonia – Skopje
• Portugal – Lisbon
• San Marino – San Marino
• Serbia – Belgrade
• Slovenia (listed above)
• Spain – Madrid
• Vatican City – Vatican City

5. Africa – Countries & Capitals

North Africa

• Algeria – Algiers
• Egypt – Cairo
• Libya – Tripoli
• Morocco – Rabat
• Sudan – Khartoum
• Tunisia – Tunis

West Africa

• Benin – Porto‑Novo
• Burkina Faso – Ouagadougou
• Cape Verde – Praia
• Côte d’Ivoire – Yamoussoukro
• Gambia – Banjul
• Ghana – Accra
• Guinea – Conakry
• Guinea‑Bissau – Bissau
• Liberia – Monrovia
• Mali – Bamako
• Mauritania – Nouakchott
• Niger – Niamey
• Nigeria – Abuja
• Senegal – Dakar
• Sierra Leone – Freetown
• Togo – Lomé

East Africa

• Burundi – Gitega
• Comoros – Moroni
• Djibouti – Djibouti
• Eritrea – Asmara
• Ethiopia – Addis Ababa
• Kenya – Nairobi
• Rwanda – Kigali
• Seychelles – Victoria
• Somalia – Mogadishu
• South Sudan – Juba
• Tanzania – Dodoma
• Uganda – Kampala

Central Africa

• Cameroon – Yaoundé
• Central African Republic – Bangui
• Chad – N’Djamena
• Republic of the Congo – Brazzaville
• DR Congo – Kinshasa
• Equatorial Guinea – Malabo
• Gabon – Libreville
• Rwanda & Burundi (listed above)

Southern Africa

• Botswana – Gaborone
• Eswatini – Mbabane / Lobamba
• Lesotho – Maseru
• Madagascar – Antananarivo
• Malawi – Lilongwe
• Mauritius – Port Louis
• Mozambique – Maputo
• Namibia – Windhoek
• South Africa – Pretoria (admin.), Cape Town (legislative), Bloemfontein (judicial)
• Zambia – Lusaka
• Zimbabwe – Harare

6. North America – Countries & Capitals

Caribbean & Central America

• Antigua & Barbuda – Saint John’s
• Bahamas – Nassau
• Barbados – Bridgetown
• Belize – Belmopan
• Costa Rica – San José
• Cuba – Havana
• Dominica – Roseau
• Dominican Republic – Santo Domingo
• El Salvador – San Salvador
• Grenada – St. George’s
• Guatemala – Guatemala City
• Haiti – Port‑au‑Prince
• Honduras – Tegucigalpa
• Jamaica – Kingston
• Nicaragua – Managua
• Panama – Panama City
• Saint Kitts & Nevis – Basseterre
• Saint Lucia – Castries
• Saint Vincent & Grenadines – Kingstown
• Trinidad & Tobago – Port of Spain

USA & Canada

• Canada – Ottawa
• United States – Washington, D.C.

7. South America – Countries & Capitals

• Argentina – Buenos Aires
• Bolivia – Sucre (constitutional), La Paz (seat of govt.)
• Brazil – Brasília
• Chile – Santiago
• Colombia – Bogotá
• Ecuador – Quito
• Guyana – Georgetown
• Paraguay – Asunción
• Peru – Lima
• Suriname – Paramaribo
• Uruguay – Montevideo
• Venezuela – Caracas

8. Oceania – Countries & Capitals

• Australia – Canberra
• Fiji – Suva
• Kiribati – South Tarawa
• Marshall Islands – Majuro
• Micronesia – Palikir
• Nauru – No official capital (Yaren de facto)
• New Zealand – Wellington
• Palau – Ngerulmud
• Papua New Guinea – Port Moresby
• Samoa – Apia
• Solomon Islands – Honiara
• Tonga – Nukuʻalofa
• Tuvalu – Funafuti
• Vanuatu – Port Vila

9. SAARC & India‑Centric Capitals

Countries of special relevance:

• Bangladesh – Dhaka
• Bhutan – Thimphu
• India – New Delhi
• Maldives – Malé
• Nepal – Kathmandu
• Pakistan – Islamabad
• Sri Lanka – Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte

Focus on these eight due to frequent mention in JKSSB and SSC exam patterns.

10. Confusing Capitals & Mnemonic Tricks

11. Recent Capital Changes

• Kazakhstan: from Almaty → Astana (also briefly Nursultan)
• Myanmar: from Yangon → Naypyidaw
• Sri Lanka: from Colombo → Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte

Stay updated in case exam questions ask about “former capital vs current capital”.

12. 7‑Day Revision Schedule

Review flashcards, recite aloud, and take short quizzes daily for best retention.

13. Sample Quiz – 10 MCQs

1. What is the capital of Botswana?
   A) Lusaka B) Gaborone C) Windhoek D) Harare
2. Capital of Vietnam?
3. What is the administrative capital of South Africa?
4. Papua New Guinea’s capital?
5. Which country has capital Ngerulmud?
6. Capital of Sri Lanka officially?
7. Istanbul is the capital of Turkey? (True/False)
8. Capital of Bolivia used in exam context?
9. New Zealand’s capital city?
10. Canada’s capital?

Answer Key:
1‑B, 2‑Hanoi, 3‑Pretoria, 4‑Port Moresby, 5‑Palau, 6‑Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte, 7‑False, 8‑La Paz (seat govt.), 9‑Wellington, 10‑Ottawa

14. FAQs

Q1. How many countries are listed?
A: 195 (193 UN members + Vatican City & Palestine)

Q2. Does the list include all continents?
A: Yes—Asia, Europe, Africa, North & South America, Oceania

Q3. Are dual capitals included?
A: Yes—for countries like Bolivia (Sucre/La Paz), Netherlands, South Africa

Q4. Can this method help in final-day revision?
A: Yes—a continent-wise breakdown makes it easier to remember and recall

Q5. Do small nations like Nauru or Palau matter?
A: Yes—they do appear in GK sections and should not be skipped

Q6. How to avoid confusion between Colombo and Kotte?
A: Memorize official vs commercial capitals clearly via mnemonics

15. Conclusion & Final Tips

• Study continent-wise for contextual memory.
• Use mnemonics, flashcards, and daily revisions.
• Focus on confusing or recently changed capitals.
• Take practice quizzes regularly with timers.
• Keep calm and steady—knowing these capitals gives you a solid GK edge!

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About The Author

Rohit Thapa

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